What was the ruling of the Brown vs. Board of Education case in 1954?

The ruling in the Brown vs. Board of Education case in 1954 established that segregated public schools for children of different races were unconstitutional. This landmark decision was based on the finding that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal," which directly challenged the previous legal doctrine established by Plessy v. Ferguson that permitted racial segregation under the "separate but equal" standard.

The Supreme Court concluded that segregation in public schools not only violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment but also had a detrimental effect on the education and personal growth of African American children. The ruling thereby mandated the desegregation of public schools across the United States, overturning decades of legal precedent that allowed for racial segregation in educational settings. This decision played a crucial role in the Civil Rights Movement and set the stage for further legal and social changes aimed at achieving racial equality.